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Comparison of the health care systems in Canada and the United States is often made by government, public health and public policy analysts.〔Szick S, Angus DE, Nichol G, Harrison MB, Page J, Moher D. ("Health Care Delivery in Canada and the United States: Are There Relevant Differences in Health Care Outcomes?" ) Toronto: Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, June 1999. (Publication no. 99-04-TR.)〕〔Esmail N, Walker M. ("How good is Canadian Healthcare?: 2005 Report." ) Fraser Institute July 2005, Vancouver BC.〕〔("Canadian health care quality comparable to other rich countries". )〕 The two countries had similar health care systems before Canada changed its system in the 1960s and 1970s. The United States spends much more money on health care than Canada, on both a per-capita basis and as a percentage of GDP. In 2006, per-capita spending for health care in Canada was US$3,678; in the U.S., US$6,714. The U.S. spent 15.3% of GDP on health care in that year; Canada spent 10.0%.〔 In 2006, 70% of health care spending in Canada was financed by government, versus 46% in the United States. Total government spending per capita in the U.S. on health care was 23% higher than Canadian government spending, and U.S. government expenditure on health care was just under 83% of total Canadian spending (public and private) though these statistics don't take into account population differences.〔World Health Organization, (Core Health Indicators ). U.S. government spending was US$2724 vs. US$2214 on a purchasing power parity basis ($2724 and $2121 on a non-adjusted basis); total U.S. spending was US$6096 vs. US$3137 (PPP) ($6096 and $3038 on a non-adjusted basis).〕 Studies have come to different conclusions about the result of this disparity in spending. A 2007 review of all studies comparing health outcomes in Canada and the US in a Canadian peer-reviewed medical journal found that "health outcomes may be superior in patients cared for in Canada versus the United States, but differences are not consistent." Some of the noted differences were a higher life expectancy in Canada, as well as a lower infant mortality rate than the United States. One commonly cited comparison, the 2000 World Health Organization's ratings of "overall health service performance", which used a "composite measure of achievement in the level of health, the distribution of health, the level of responsiveness and fairness of financial contribution", ranked Canada 30th and the US 37th among 191 member nations. This study rated the US "responsiveness", or quality of service for individuals receiving treatment, as 1st, compared with 7th for Canada. However, the average life expectancy for Canadians was 80.34 years compared with 78.6 years for residents of the US.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Health system attainment and performance in all Member States, ranked by eight measures, estimates for 1997 )〕 The WHO's study methods were criticized by some analyses. Although there is a measure of consensus that life-expectancy and infant mortality mark the most reliable ways to compare nationwide health care, assuming the population makeup is similar, a 2007 report by the Congressional Research Service carefully summarizes some recent data and notes the "difficult research issues" facing international comparisons.〔Congressional Research Service, ("U.S. Health Care Spending: Comparison with Other OECD Countries" ), September 17, 2007. Order Code RL34175〕 ==Government involvement== In 2004, government funding of health care in Canada was equivalent to $US1,893 per person. In the US, government spending per person was $2,728.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Comparison with Other OECD Countries )〕 The Canadian healthcare system is composed of at least 10 mostly autonomous provincial healthcare systems that report to their provincial governments, and a federal system which covers the military and First Nations. This causes a significant degree of variation in funding and coverage within the country. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Comparison of the health care systems in Canada and the United States」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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